Generalmente cuando realizamos reportes
en ABAP, obtenemos información en formato de listado, en plano, muchas veces sin ninguna funcionalidad
aparte que la simple visualización de los datos.
En SAP existe algo llamado ALV (Abap
List Viewer) que es el encargado de presentar nuestros reportes de una manera más
práctica y funcional, su interfaz es más elegante y nos permite realizar más
funcionalidades que un reporte normal.
AGREGAR ICONO A ALV 1
OPCIÓN 1:
1.TOP
Agregar campo a icon(30), estructura alv.
2.construir_catalogo
PERFORM llenar_fieldcat USING 'ICON' 'GTD_ASPIRANTE_ALV' '' 'X'
'' text-r03 text-r04 '' '' '11'
CHANGING po_gtd_fieldcat.
3.Llenar_fieldcat
IF pi_campo = 'ICON'.
lwa_fieldcat-icon = 'X'.
ENDIF.
4.cargar_data
* cargar icono dependiendo del estado del aspirante
CASE lwa_aspirante_alv-estad.
WHEN 'Registrado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_checked.
WHEN 'Aprobado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_positive.
WHEN 'Desaprobado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_negative.
WHEN 'Cargado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_complete.
ENDCASE.
6.actualiazar_tabla_alv
CASE lwa_aspirante_alv-estad.
WHEN 'Registrado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_checked.
WHEN 'Aprobado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_positive.
WHEN 'Desaprobado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_negative.
WHEN 'Cargado'.
lwa_aspirante_alv-icon = icon_complete.
ENDCASE.
AGREGAR ICONO A ALV 2
OPCIÓN 2:
&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report
ZALV_ICON
*
*&
*
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT
ZALV_ICON
.
************************************************************************
* Include Programs
************************************************************************
INCLUDE <icon>.
************************************************************************
* Database Tables
************************************************************************
TABLES:
kna1.
"Customer Master
************************************************************************
* Types
************************************************************************
TYPE-POOLS: kkblo.
************************************************************************
* Structures
************************************************************************
* Structure to hold the Color Information
DATA: BEGIN OF st_color,
color(3) TYPE c,
END OF st_color.
* Structure to hold the Icon Information
DATA: BEGIN OF st_icon,
icon(4) TYPE c,
END OF st_icon.
* ALV Field Catalog Structure
DATA: st_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.
* ALV Layout Structure
DATA: st_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
************************************************************************
* Internal Tables
************************************************************************
* Output Table
DATA: BEGIN OF tbl_kna1 OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE
st_icon. "Icon Structure
INCLUDE STRUCTURE
kna1. "Customer Master Structure
INCLUDE STRUCTURE
st_color. "Color Structure
DATA: END OF tbl_kna1.
* ALV Field Catalog Table
DATA: tbl_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv.
************************************************************************
* Variables
************************************************************************
DATA: fieldname(30) TYPE c,
g_repid LIKE sy-repid.
************************************************************************
* Start of Selection
************************************************************************
START-OF-SELECTION.
g_repid = sy-repid.
PERFORM get_data.
************************************************************************
* End of Selection
************************************************************************
END-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM do_fancy_stuff.
PERFORM get_layout.
PERFORM get_fieldcat.
PERFORM create_report.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form CREATE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Learn to read the subroutine name!
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM create_report.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
i_interface_check = ' '
i_callback_program = g_repid
i_callback_user_command = 'PROCESS_USER_COMMANDS'
it_fieldcat
= tbl_fieldcat
i_default
= 'X'
i_save
= ' '
is_layout
= st_layout
TABLES
t_outtab
= tbl_kna1
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS
= 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH
sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
" CREATE_REPORT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form GET_FIELDCAT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Build the Field Catalog
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM get_fieldcat.
* Here the field catalog is created. To display more fields simply
* 'uncomment' the additional lines and add the field name. Also note
* that the field catalog is much more powerful than this. You can
* intensify fields, change the colour, assign reference fields, etc.
* Look at type slis_fieldcat_alv for more options.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'ICON' 'TBL_KNA1'
' ' 'X' 1 '2' 'X'
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'KUNNR' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' 'X' 2 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'NAME1' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 3 '10'
' '
'X'.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'STRAS' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 4 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'TELF1' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 5 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'ORT01' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 6 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'PSTLZ' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 7 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'SORTL' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 8 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'ERNAM' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 9 ' '
' '
' '.
PERFORM write_fieldcat USING 'SPRAS' 'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 10 ' '
' '
' '.
* perform write_fieldcat using ' '
'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 10 ' '.
* perform write_fieldcat using ' '
'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 11 ' '.
* perform write_fieldcat using ' '
'TBL_KNA1' 'KNA1' ' ' 12 ' '.
ENDFORM.
" GET_FIELDCAT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form WRITE_FIELDCAT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Write the Field Catalog data to
the Field Catalog Table
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->name Field name
* -->tab Table name
* -->st
Structure Name
* -->key Is this
field a Key?
* -->pos Position
Number
* -->length Field Length
* -->icon Display as Icon
* -->hot Hotspot
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM write_fieldcat USING name tab st key pos length icon hot.
st_fieldcat-fieldname = name.
st_fieldcat-tabname = tab.
st_fieldcat-ref_tabname = st.
st_fieldcat-key =
key.
st_fieldcat-col_pos = pos.
st_fieldcat-outputlen = length.
st_fieldcat-icon =
icon.
st_fieldcat-hotspot = hot.
APPEND st_fieldcat TO tbl_fieldcat.
CLEAR st_fieldcat.
ENDFORM.
" WRITE_FIELDCAT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form PROCESS_USER_COMMANDS
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Interactive Reporting Commands
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_user_commands USING syst-ucomm LIKE syst-ucomm
selfield TYPE slis_selfield.
* This subroutine is called when there is user interaction in the output
* In this case if the user double clicks the Customer Number then the
* program will call transaction XD03 and display the Customer Master
* Data
CASE syst-ucomm.
WHEN '&IC1'.
* get cursor field fieldname.
READ TABLE tbl_kna1 INDEX
selfield-tabindex.
SET PARAMETER ID 'KUN' FIELD
tbl_kna1-kunnr.
CALL TRANSACTION 'XD03' AND SKIP FIRST
SCREEN.
ENDCASE.
ENDFORM.
" PROCESS_USER_COMMANDS
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form GET_LAYOUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* set the layout of the ALV.
* add color to the row?
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM get_layout.
st_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
st_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'.
st_layout-get_selinfos = 'X'.
ENDFORM.
" GET_LAYOUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form get_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Get some data to play with
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM get_data.
SELECT * FROM kna1 INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE tbl_kna1
UP TO 30 ROWS.
ENDFORM.
" get_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form do_fancy_stuff
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Do some fancy pants stuff for
example changing the color of
* lines and adding icons
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM do_fancy_stuff.
* Here we will demonstrate changing the color of ALV Record lines as
* well as displaying Icons
LOOP AT tbl_kna1.
* All records where NAME1 begins with 'M', will be displayed in Bluish
* Green
IF tbl_kna1-name1(1) EQ 'M'.
tbl_kna1-color = 'C41'.
"Bluish Green
MODIFY tbl_kna1 TRANSPORTING color.
ENDIF.
* All records with no TELF1 will be displayed in White and have a
* Warning Icon
IF tbl_kna1-telf1 IS INITIAL.
tbl_kna1-color = 'C00'. "White
tbl_kna1-icon = '@AH@'.
"Warning Icon
MODIFY tbl_kna1 TRANSPORTING icon color.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
" do_fancy_stuff